5 Common Causes of Bad Breath

Bad breath, also known as halitosis, is an extremely common concern. In fact, studies show that 1 in 4 people struggle with bad breath on a regular basis. And that's not including the many more who notice their breath isn't as fresh as they'd like on occasion.

Causes of Bad Breath

What causes bad breath in the first place? While poor oral hygiene and a lack of regular dental care can certainly be major factors, there are actually several potential other causes you may not be aware of.

Let's take a look at 5 of the most common reasons for bad breath.

Bacteria Build-Up

One of the top causes of bad breath is the build-up of bacteria in your mouth. These bacteria feed on leftover food particles and produce a foul-smelling result. That's why brushing twice a day and flossing daily is so important - it helps remove the food debris and plaque that bacteria thrive on.

Make sure you're cleaning your entire mouth as well, not just the surfaces of your teeth. The place where your gums and teeth meet is an important area to focus on. In addition, your tongue can harbor a lot of odor-causing bacteria, so brush it gently with your toothbrush or use a tongue scraper to keep it clean.

Infections or Diseases

Infections in your mouth, like gum disease or a tooth abscess, can cause a foul odor. Gum disease is caused by a build-up of plaque on the teeth and gums, underscoring the importance of good oral hygiene. A tooth abscess is a pocket of pus caused by a bacterial infection. Both require prompt treatment from a dentist.

Certain other health conditions like sinus infections, acid reflux, and some liver or kidney diseases can also cause distinctive breath odors. If you have chronic bad breath that doesn't improve with lifestyle changes, it's worth seeing your dentist and your doctor to rule out any underlying medical issues.

Certain Foods and Drinks

Some foods are notorious for causing bad breath, like garlic and onions. But did you know that low-carb diets can also be a culprit? When your body breaks down fat for energy instead of carbs, it produces ketones, which can cause a fruity odor on your breath.

Coffee and alcohol can contribute to bad breath as well by drying out your mouth. Saliva helps cleanse your mouth, so when you don't have enough, bacteria can flourish. Make sure to drink plenty of water, especially after enjoying these beverages.

Smoking and Tobacco Use

You already know that smoking is bad for your health in countless ways. It is also a problem for your breath. You may think you are safe if you brush, but tobacco use can also contribute to dry mouth and increase your risk for gum disease, both other common causes of bad breath.

The best thing you can do for your breath (and your overall health) is to quit smoking. Talk to your doctor or dentist about smoking cessation aids and programs that can help.

Dry Mouth

We mentioned that dry mouth can be caused by certain foods and drinks or tobacco products, but it can stem from other sources, too. Many common medications list dry mouth as a side effect, including antidepressants, antihistamines, and decongestants.

Some medical conditions like diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and autoimmune disorders can also lead to decreased saliva flow and resultant bad breath. If you think your medications or a health issue may be causing dry mouth, discuss it with your healthcare provider.